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Chicago Citation Guide, Author-Date and NB, 17E: Author-Date Templates and Examples

A look at the two styles in The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th Edition.

Supplemental Files

Tips Before Turning In

Before submitting your paper to the instructor, be sure to review these tips and make corrections to your reference list.

  • If your instructor’s preferred style differs from this suggested style, always follow your instructor’s directions.
  • The Author-Date format uses a reference list, called References or Works Cited or Literature Cited, rather than a bibliography.
  • The reference list only includes those items cited in parenthetical citations.
  • The reference list is first alphabetical by author, then chronological by year, then alphabetical by title. Include but ignore initial A, An, and The when alphabetizing by title. 
  • Author-date format does not recommend authors use the ------ for repeated  names in a reference list. Repeat the names for each entry, then sort chronologically.
  • In the reference list, if there are two or more citations with the exact same author(s) AND the same year, place them in alphabetical order by title. Then add a, b, c, etc. directly after the year. Use this year with a letter in the parenthetical citation. Include but ignore initial A, An, and The when alphabetizing by title.
  • For in-text parenthetical citation, punctuation follows the closed parenthesis, if it is needed at all.
  • Use et al. in parenthetical citations for four or more authors, using only the first author's last name, then et al., followed immediately by the year  (e.g., Caballero et al. 1990, 55). The reference list citation includes all authors in the order they appear on the item.
  • For a Web page, if there is no publication or revision date, you place n.d. as the publication date then include and access date, using Accessed Month date, YYYY.
  • Note that n.d. has no space between the letters, takes a comma-space before it with in-text citation, and stays lower case always.
  • The reference list is formatted using a hanging indent (Ctrl+T). Each entry is single spaced, but there is an empty line between each citation.

For More Information

For more detailed information and examples, please see:

The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th ed.

Z253 .U69 2017

held at the Reserve Desk and the Reference Desk. Chapter 15 (pp. 891-921) relates to Chicago’s Author-Date format.

Article (two authors)

Templates are in blue, while examples are in black.
Citation Type Example

In-text, parenthetical

(Lastname and Lastname YYYY)

(Lastname and Lastname YYYY, p#)

(Singleton and Sorrell 2017, 10)

Research showed  "blah blah" (Singleton and Sorrell 2017, 10).

Singleton and Sorrell found "blah blah" (2017, 10)  and more words here.

Singleton and Sorrell (2017, 10) found "blah blah" and more words here.
   

Reference list

Lastname, Firstname, and Firstname Lastname. YYYY. "Title of Article in Title Case
       in Quotation Marks." Journal/Magazine Name in Title Case and Italics  
       volume#, no. issue# (Month or Season if present): p#-p#. https://doi.org/doi123.

Singleton, Brent, Jr., and Eva Sorrell. 2017. "Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against
       Muslim Converts in Late Victorian Liverpool." Journal of Muslim Minority
       Affairs 37, no. 1 (January): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2017.1294376.

Singleton, Brent, and Eva Sorrell. 2017. "Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against
       Muslim Converts in Late Victorian Liverpool." Journal of Muslim Minority
       Affairs 37, no. 1 (Spring): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2017.1294376.

Lastname, Firstname, and Firstname Lastname. YYYY. "Title of Article in Title Case
       in Quotation Marks." Journal/Magazine Name in Title Case and Italics  
       volume# (issue#): p#-p#. https://doi.org/doi123.

Singleton, Brent, and Eva Sorrell. 2017. "Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against
       Muslim Converts in Late Victorian Liverpool." Journal of Muslim Minority
       Affairs 37 (1): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2017.1294376.

Book (one author)

Examples
Citation Type Example

In-text, parenthetical

(Lastname YYYY)

(Lastname YYYY, p#)

(Singleton 2017, 10)

Research showed  "blah blah" (Singleton 2017, 10).

Singleton's research showed  "blah blah" (2017, 10).

Singleton (2017, 10) found "blah blah."
   

Reference list, no edition note

 

Lastname, Firstname. YYYY. Title of Book in Title Case and Italics. Where: Publisher. 

Singleton, Brent. 2017. Now is the Winter of Our Discontent. Chicago:  Diversity
      Publishing.
   
Reference list, with edition note

Lastname, Firstname. YYYY. Title of Book in Title Case and Italics. # ed. Where:
        Publisher. 

Singleton, Brent. 2017. Now is the Winter of Our Discontent. 3rd ed, Chicago:  Diversity
        Publishing.

Essay Acting Like a Chapter in an Edited Book (three authors + editor)

Examples
Citation Type Example

In-text, parenthetical

(Lastname, Lastname, and Lastname YYYY)

(Lastname, Lastname, and Lastname YYYY, p#)

(Vassilakos, Schlesselman, and Tarango 2017, 10)

Research showed  "blah blah" (Vassilakos, Schlesselman, and Tarango 2017, 10).

Vassilakos, Schlesselman, and Tarango (2017, 10) found "blah blah."
   

Reference list

Lastname, Firstname, Firstname Lastname, and Firstname Lastname. YYYY.
       "Title of Essay in Title Case in Quotation Marks." In Title of the Book
       in Title Case and Italics, edited by Firstname Lastname, p#-p#.
       Where: Publisher.

Vassilakos, Jill, Gina Schlesselman, and Miguel Tarango. 2017. "Hate Crimes and
       Discrimination Against Muslim Converts in Late Victorian Liverpool."
       In Religions During the Victorian Period, edited by Bonnie Petry, 5-23.
       New York: Routledge.

Web Page (no publication or revision date and with a publication date)

Examples
Citation Type Example

In-text, parenthetical, no date

(Lastname, n.d.)

(Bartle, n.d.)
   

Reference list, no date

Lastname, Firstname. n.d. "Title of Web Page in Quotation Marks and 
       Title Case." Web Site in Title Case if Present. Accessed Month date, yyyy.   
       http://URLhere. 

Bartle, Lisa. n.d. "Explanation of Awards." Database of Award-Winning
       Children's Literature. Accessed September 29, 2020. http://www.
       dawcl.com/awards.html.     
   
In-text, parenthetical

(Lastname YYYY)

(Bartle 2007)
   
Reference list with date

Lastname, Firstname. YYYY. "Title of Web Page in Quotation Marks and 
       Title Case." Web Site in Title Case if Present. Month date, YYYY.   
       http://URLhere. 

Bartle, Lisa. 2020. "Explanation of Awards." Database of Award-Winning
       Children's Literature. September 29, 2020. http://www.
       dawcl.com/awards.html.
   
Reference list with last modified date

Lastname, Firstname. YYYY. "Title of Web Page in Quotation Marks and 
       Title Case." Web Site in Title Case if Present. Last modified Month date, YYYY.   
       http://URLhere. 

Bartle, Lisa. 2020. "Explanation of Awards." Database of Award-Winning
       Children's Literature. Last modified September 29, 2020. http://www.
       dawcl.com/awards.html.

Multiple Sources

An in-text citation with multiple sources separates each of them with a semi-colon. The order in the citation may be alphabetical, chronological, or may be in order of importance. It is the author's choice or what is required by the professor, journal, or publisher.

Examples
Citation Type Example

In-text, parenthetical

(Lastname and Lastname YYYY; Lastname YYYY)

(Wobick and Bartle 2014; Hernandez 2008)

YouTube Video

Citing a YouTube video or other similar source, starts with the same pieces as previous examples. You need author, date, title, source (YouTube), and URL.

Example
Citation Type Example

 

 

 

Bibliography

Lastname, Firstname. YYYY. "Title of Video in Quotation Marks and 

     Title Case." YouTube. Month date, YYYY. 

     http://URL here.

Bartle, Lisa. 2017. "ULMS Alma Analytics Lesson 01 Introducing Out of the

       Box Searches." YouTube. March 20, 2017.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jidePhEnQxs.

 

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